In general, chan is used for babies, young children, and teenage girls. Thus, using chan with a superior's name would be condescending and rude. An exception was when Takako Doi was the chairperson of the lower house: she used the san title.Ĭhan (ちゃん) is a diminutive suffix it expresses that the speaker finds a person endearing. In the Diet of Japan, chairpersons use kun when addressing diet members and ministers. For example, in business settings, young female employees may also be addressed as kun by older males of senior status. Although kun is generally used for boys, that isn't a hard rule. It can also be used by females when addressing a male that they are emotionally attached to or have known for a long period of time. Kun (君 in Kanji, くん in Hiragana) is used by people of senior status in addressing or referring to those of junior status, or by anyone when addressing or referring to male children or male teenagers. Taro3 conveys Taro-san), since the number three in Japanese is pronounced "san".
Online, Japanese gamers often append a numeral 3 to another player's name to denote san (e.g. Rabbit" in English) and would be avoided in formal speech. Both uses would be considered childish (akin to "Mr. For example, a pet rabbit might be called usagi-san, and fish used for cooking can be referred to as sakana-san. San can also be attached to the names of animals or even inanimate objects. This may be seen on the small maps often used in phone books and business cards in Japan, where the names of surrounding companies are written using san. For example, the offices or shop of a company called Kojima Denki might be referred to as "Kojima Denki-san" by another nearby company. San is sometimes used with company names. San is used in combination with workplace nouns, such that a bookseller might be addressed or referred to as honya-san ("bookstore" + san), and a butcher as nikuya-san ("butcher shop" + san). As the examples from this blog project and the results of a student survey, which was conducted at the end of the semester show, a project like “Junior Sensei” can be beneficially implemented not only in an actual classroom setting but also in a virtual context.San (さん), sometimes pronounced han (はん) in the Kyoto area, is the most common honorific and is a title of respect similar to "Mr.", "Miss", "Mrs.", or "Ms." However, in addition to being used with people's names, it is also employed in a variety of other ways. However, the existing research does not examine whether or not this type of project can be implemented to connect senpai/kohai students who are geographically distant from one another. For instance, Thomson and Mori (2014) illustrate the example of a student who benefited in his Japanese language learning from having a “junior teacher”. In the past, some educators in the field of Japanese language education have reported a number of benefits for incorporating the concept of “Junior Sensei” in their language classrooms. In fact, the concept of “Junior Sensei” is not new. As a highlight, second year level students played the role of “Junior Sensei” (Thomson and Mori 2014) and assisted first year level students with first draft of their skit presentations. Our study used a blog platform,, to connect students, and a total of approximately 50 students took part in the semester long virtual communication project. The two universities were involved originally through the fact that both instructors had the common interest in incorporating the idea of “virtual exchange” in their language courses. This presentation demonstrates how a senpai/kohai mentor structure can be employed to foster an intellectual virtual exchange between first year level Japanese language students and second year level Japanese language students at two different universities. The opposite of “Senpai” is “Kohai” “Kohai” usually refers to someone who is in a lower grade level. In Japan, there is a term for referring to someone who is a senior or even a year older in school: “Senpai”.
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